Finland · Rights, Freedoms & Duties

Freedom of religion and belief in Finland

Freedom of religion and belief is a fundamental right in Finland. It protects both religious and non-religious convictions and ensures individual freedom of conscience.

Constitutional protection

Freedom of religion and belief is guaranteed by the Constitution of Finland. It includes the right to profess a religion, to practice it, or to have no religious affiliation at all.

The right applies equally to all individuals, regardless of citizenship.

Positive and negative freedom of religion

Freedom of religion includes both positive and negative aspects. Positive freedom means the right to practice and express one’s religion or belief.

Negative freedom means the right not to belong to a religious community and not to participate in religious practices.

Religious communities

Finland recognises registered religious communities. Individuals may join or leave a religious community freely.

Religious communities operate within the law and enjoy autonomy in internal matters, provided they respect fundamental rights.

Limitations and public order

Freedom of religion and belief is not unlimited. Its exercise may be restricted by law to protect public order, health, or the rights of others.

Any restriction must be lawful, necessary, and proportionate.

Why freedom of religion matters

Freedom of religion and belief protects personal identity, diversity, and peaceful coexistence in Finnish society.

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