The Finnish Parliament (Eduskunta)
The Finnish Parliament, known as the Eduskunta, is the central institution of political power in Finland. It represents the people, passes laws, approves the state budget, and supervises the government. Understanding how Parliament works is essential for anyone living in or becoming a citizen of Finland.
The role of Parliament
The Finnish Parliament is the highest decision-making body in the country. All legislative power belongs to Parliament, meaning that laws can only be passed, amended, or repealed by it.
Parliament also approves the state budget, decides on taxation, and oversees the actions of the Government. The Government must enjoy the confidence of Parliament in order to remain in office.
Composition and elections
The Finnish Parliament consists of 200 Members of Parliament (MPs). They are elected every four years in parliamentary elections. Elections are based on proportional representation, which ensures that political parties receive seats in proportion to the votes they receive.
All Finnish citizens aged 18 or over have the right to vote. This universal suffrage is a key element of Finland’s democratic system.
How laws are made
Most laws in Finland are proposed by the Government, but Members of Parliament may also submit legislative initiatives. Proposed laws are examined in parliamentary committees before being debated in plenary sessions.
Parliament votes on each law. If a majority supports it, the law is adopted and then confirmed by the President of the Republic.
Parliament and the Government
The Government of Finland is formed on the basis of parliamentary support. After elections, parties negotiate to form a government that has the confidence of Parliament.
Parliament can dismiss the Government through a vote of no confidence. This ensures that the Government remains accountable to elected representatives.
Why this matters for future citizens
The Finnish Parliament embodies democratic participation and political accountability. By voting in elections and following parliamentary debates, citizens directly influence how Finland is governed. Understanding Parliament helps future citizens engage meaningfully in Finnish society.