How parliamentary elections work in Finland
Parliamentary elections determine how the Finnish Parliament is composed. Through these elections, voters choose representatives who pass laws, approve the government, and shape national policy.
The role of parliamentary elections
Finland is a representative democracy. This means that citizens do not make laws directly, but elect representatives to Parliament on their behalf. Parliamentary elections are therefore the most important elections in the Finnish political system.
The results of parliamentary elections determine the balance of power between political parties and strongly influence government formation.
Constituencies and candidates
Finland is divided into electoral districts, also called constituencies. Each constituency is allocated a certain number of parliamentary seats based on its population.
Political parties nominate candidates in each constituency. Voters cast their vote for an individual candidate, not directly for a party list.
Voting and counting votes
Parliamentary elections are held every four years. Voting is secret, and eligible voters may vote either in advance or on election day.
Votes are first counted for individual candidates. These votes are then combined to calculate each party’s total result within the constituency.
Allocation of seats
Seats in Parliament are allocated proportionally. This means that parties receive seats roughly in proportion to the number of votes they receive.
A proportional system allows multiple parties to be represented and reflects voters’ preferences more accurately than winner-takes-all systems.
From elections to government
After parliamentary elections, the government is formed. Because no single party usually wins a majority, coalition governments are the norm in Finland.
Parties negotiate a common government programme before a new government is approved by Parliament.
Why parliamentary elections matter
Parliamentary elections give citizens direct influence over legislation, government policy, and the direction of the country. Voting allows individuals to participate in democratic decision-making.
Understanding how elections work helps voters make informed choices and strengthens democratic participation.