The Finnish welfare state
The Finnish welfare state is a central feature of Finnish society. It aims to ensure that everyone has access to basic security, essential public services, and equal opportunities throughout life. The system is built on solidarity, public responsibility, and the idea that social risks should be shared collectively.
What is the welfare state?
A welfare state is a system in which public authorities take responsibility for citizens’ and residents’ basic wellbeing. In Finland, this includes access to healthcare, education, social security, and support during unemployment, illness, disability, or old age.
The Finnish welfare model is largely universal. This means that many services and benefits are available to everyone, not only to those with low income. Universal access strengthens equality and social cohesion.
Core principles of the Finnish welfare model
Equality is a key principle of the Finnish welfare state. People should have similar life opportunities regardless of income, background, or place of residence.
Prevention is another important principle. Public policies aim to address social problems early through education, healthcare, and family support.
Responsibility is shared. Individuals are expected to participate in working life when possible, while society provides support when people face difficulties.
How the welfare state is funded
The Finnish welfare state is mainly funded through taxation. Taxes paid by individuals and businesses finance public services and social benefits.
Those who are working contribute through taxes, and everyone benefits from the system at different stages of life. This reflects the principle of solidarity.
Public services and social benefits
The welfare state provides both public services and cash benefits. Services include healthcare, education, childcare, and elderly care.
Cash benefits include unemployment benefits, pensions, and family-related allowances. Together, these support people in managing everyday life and coping with social risks.
The welfare state in everyday life
In everyday life, the welfare state is visible through services such as schools, health centres, and childcare. These services enable participation in work, education, and family life.
The availability of support during difficult situations increases trust and security in society.